您當(dāng)前的位置: 湖南自考網(wǎng) > 學(xué)士學(xué)位 > 文章詳情

湖南學(xué)士學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)歸納(29)

2019-12-18 09:28:00
來(lái)源:湖南自考網(wǎng)m.88pqcp.com

       以下湖南學(xué)士學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)歸納(29)由湖南自考網(wǎng)收集、提供。自考學(xué)位考試對(duì)考生來(lái)說(shuō)是很重要的環(huán)節(jié),希望學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考試復(fù)習(xí)資料能夠幫助同學(xué)們更好地復(fù)習(xí),在考試時(shí)取得更好地成績(jī)!

        湖南學(xué)士學(xué)位培訓(xùn)班

        非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(不定式)

        (一)動(dòng)詞不定式(to+動(dòng)詞原形)

        動(dòng)詞不定式的語(yǔ)法功能可以做除謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞以外的任何句子成分。

        1.作主語(yǔ)

        不定式或不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。如:

        To serve the people well is our duty.

        動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),往往放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的后面,用引導(dǎo)詞it作形式主語(yǔ)。上述句子也可改為:

        It is our duty to serve the people well.

        類(lèi)似這樣不定式做主語(yǔ)的句型有:

        It is + n.+ to do

        It takes sb.+ some time + to do

        It is +adj.+ for sb.+ to do

        It is + adj.+ of sb.+ to do

        例如:

        It is our duty to help them.

        It will take you quite a long time to finish it.

        It is easy for us to answer this question.

        It is kind of you to help me.

        注:

        1)for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特點(diǎn),表示客觀形式的形容詞,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等:

        2)of sb.的句型一般表示人物的性格,品德,表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的形容詞,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right等。

        2.作賓語(yǔ)

        We hope to have more opportunities to talk with native speakers.

        注意:如果不定式作賓語(yǔ)而又跟有補(bǔ)語(yǔ),這時(shí),通常要用"it"作形式賓語(yǔ),而將不定式放到補(bǔ)語(yǔ)后面去。

        例如:他們發(fā)現(xiàn)提前把一切都準(zhǔn)備好是不可能的。

        ×They found to get everything ready in advance impossible.

        賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)

        ×They found to get everything ready in advance is impossible.

        √They found it impossible to get everything ready in advance

        賓補(bǔ)賓語(yǔ)

        再看下面的兩個(gè)例句:

        I consider it my duty to point out their shortcomings.

        Robert doesn't think it advisable for Mary to be on a diet.

        三級(jí)出題方式:

        I _____ to point out their shortcomings.

        A.consider it my duty

        B.consider it is my duty

        3.作定語(yǔ)

        This is the best way to solve the problem.

        注意:①用不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí),它與它所修飾的詞有時(shí)是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以如果不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞,其后面應(yīng)跟上必要的介詞。

        例如:

        Mary needs a friend to play with.

        There is nothing to worry about.

        Because air pollution has been greatly reduced, this city is still _____ .

        A.a good place to live

        B.a good place for living in

        C.a good place to be lived in

        D.a good place to live in答案:D

        ②不定式作定語(yǔ),如果與他所修飾的詞是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,則不定式后面不能再帶賓語(yǔ)。

        例如:

        ×Here is a letter for you to type it.

        √Here is a letter for you to type.

        ×The smell tells the bees what kind of flowers to look for them.

        √The smell tells the bees what kind of flowers to look for.

        同時(shí)要注意:在這類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)中,常用不定式的主動(dòng)式代替被動(dòng)式。

        4.作狀語(yǔ)

        In order to overcome difficulties, we must work hard.

        注意:①不定式能夠修飾作表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的形容詞,在句中作狀語(yǔ),這時(shí)不定式不能再帶賓語(yǔ)。

        例如:

        √The water is unfit to drink.

        ×The water is unfit to drink it.

        √They found Mr.Jones' lecture hard to understand.

        ×They found Mr.Jones' lecture hard to understand it.

        同時(shí)要注意:在這類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)中,常用不定式的主動(dòng)式代替被動(dòng)式

        ②作狀語(yǔ)的不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子主語(yǔ)一致。

        例如:

        ×To save money, the bus was taken instead of plane.

        √To save money, we took the bus instead of plane.

        讓我們看一道2005年11月份的三級(jí)試題:

        To succeed in a scientific experiment,______.

        A.one needs being patient person.

        B.patience is to need.

        C.one needs to be patient.

        D.patience is what needed.答案:C

        不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)

        如要表明不定式或不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)出者(即邏輯主語(yǔ)),就要在不定式前用for+名詞(或代詞的賓格)。如:

        Is the road wide enough for two cars to pass?

        The conference is too important for you to miss.

        不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

        不定式有一般、完成、進(jìn)行等幾種常用的形式,也有主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別。以study為例:

        主動(dòng)/被動(dòng)一般式to study; to be studied

        進(jìn)行式to be studying

        完成式to have studied; to have been studied

        1)不定式的時(shí)態(tài)

        不定式的一般式(to do)所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生,或是在其后發(fā)生的。如:

        Thousands of young people are learning to ski.

        不定式的進(jìn)行式(to be doing)所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作是同時(shí)進(jìn)行的,而且是正在進(jìn)行的。如:

        They seemed to be getting along quite well.

        不定式的完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(to have done)表示限于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),to have + V-ed 表示動(dòng)作,to have been 表示狀態(tài)。如:

        She seems to have finished her work.

        不定式的完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生,而且一直進(jìn)行著。如:

        She was happy to have been staying with her aunt.

        2)不定式的語(yǔ)態(tài)

        每個(gè)不定式都有其邏輯主語(yǔ),如果邏輯主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者,不定式用主動(dòng)式,如果其邏輯主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者,不定式用被動(dòng)式。如:

        The doctor recommended him to air the room.

        醫(yī)生建議他打掃房間。

        The doctor recommended the room to be aired.

        醫(yī)生建議打掃房間。

        考試重點(diǎn):使用不帶to的不定式的幾種情況

        (1)在口語(yǔ)中,以why開(kāi)頭的簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)句中。例如:

        Why do it that way?

        Why not go out for a walk?

        (2)某些使役動(dòng)詞,如make, let,have等后面跟動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),用省略to的不定式。如:

        Let him do it.讓他做吧。

        I would have you know that I am ill.我想要你知道我病了。

        (3)表示生理感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞后接不定時(shí)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),不定式不帶to.這類(lèi)詞有:

        feel覺(jué)得observe 注意到,看到hear聽(tīng)到

        watch注視listen to聽(tīng)perceive察覺(jué),感知

        notice注意see看見(jiàn)look at

        注意:

        表示 "感覺(jué)"的動(dòng)詞,既可以用不帶to 的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),又可以用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),但兩者有含義上的差別?,F(xiàn)在分詞作這些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表示動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行,以不帶to的不定式作這些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表示動(dòng)作的完成。

        例如:

        I heard her playing the violin.

        我聽(tīng)到她在拉小提琴.

        I don't see the ball break the window.

        我沒(méi)有看到球砸壞玻璃.

        注意:

        上述使役動(dòng)詞與感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),其后的不定式需帶to,如:

        He was seen to come.

        The boy was made to go to bed early.

        (4)在do nothing/anything/everything but(except)結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如:

        Last night I did nothing but watch TV.

        昨天晚上,除了看電視,我什么也沒(méi)干。

        但是,如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不是"do nothing,anything,everything",那么but(except)所跟的不定式則仍須帶to.

        The doctor told him nothing but to stop smoking.

        醫(yī)生除了讓他戒煙,其它什么都沒(méi)有說(shuō)。

        There was nothing for them to do but remain silent.

        除了保持沉默以外,他們沒(méi)有別的辦法。

        記憶口訣:

        前面有do,后面省to,前面無(wú)do,后面帶to.

        (5)下面這些詞組是不定式的習(xí)慣用法,只能用省to的不定式形式。

        can not help but do(不得不)

        can not but do(不得不)

        cannot choose but do(只能)

        have no choice but do (只能)

        had better do(最好)

        would rather do(寧愿)

        例如:

        When I consider how talented he is as a painter, I cannot help but believe that the public will appreciate his gift.

        不定式練習(xí)

        翻譯下列句子:

        走路去那里十分鐘就到了。(考查不定式做主語(yǔ)的句型)

        下一步做什么還沒(méi)定。(考查疑問(wèn)詞+不定式的用法)

        我們不可能趕上第一班車(chē)。(考查不定式做主語(yǔ))

        學(xué)英語(yǔ)的學(xué)生必須有本好字典。(考查不定式做主語(yǔ),同時(shí)考察不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ))

        他是我們班唯一說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人。(考查不定式作定語(yǔ))

        他說(shuō)話(huà)太快,我們跟不上。(考查too…to…結(jié)構(gòu),不定式作狀語(yǔ))

        大廳足夠大,能容納一百人。(考查enough…to…結(jié)構(gòu),不定式作狀語(yǔ))

        起床后媽媽會(huì)提醒我洗臉。(考查不定式作賓補(bǔ))

        為了不讓我們失望,你必須遵守你的諾言。(考查不定式作狀語(yǔ))

        參考答案

        It takes ten minutes to walk there.

        What to do next is not decided / hasn't been decided.

        It is impossible for us to catch the first bus.

        It is necessary for a student of English to have a good dictionary.

        He is the only one in our class to speak English.

        He speaks too fast for us to follow.

        The hall is large enough to hold one hundred people.

        My mother will remind me to wash my face after I get up.

        You must keep your promise in order not to let us down.

        改正下列句子中的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤:

        1.He gave me a piece of paper to write on it.

        2.How many people are there for you to interview them?

        3.Do you think a preposition(介詞)is a good word to end a sentence with it?

        4.I've got several telephone calls to make them this morning.

        5.This is a difficult to put it into English.湖南學(xué)士學(xué)位復(fù)習(xí)資料

        以上“湖南學(xué)士學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)歸納(29)”由湖南自考網(wǎng)指導(dǎo)老師收集整理。

 

 

湖南學(xué)歷提升報(bào)名熱線(xiàn):
蔣老師QQ咨詢(xún) QQ咨詢(xún)

TEL:蔣老師17773102705

2024年自考、成考、網(wǎng)教報(bào)名進(jìn)行中,點(diǎn)擊立即報(bào)考咨詢(xún)>>

掃一掃下方二維碼關(guān)注湖南自考生網(wǎng)微信公眾號(hào)、客服咨詢(xún)號(hào),即時(shí)獲取湖南自考、成考、網(wǎng)教最新考試資訊。

  • 湖南自考官方公眾號(hào)

    關(guān)注公眾號(hào)免費(fèi)拿資料

  • 微信掃一掃咨詢(xún)

  • 微信掃一掃咨詢(xún)

免責(zé)聲明

1、鑒于各方面資訊時(shí)常調(diào)整與變化,本網(wǎng)所提供的信息僅供參考,實(shí)際以考試院通知文件為準(zhǔn)。

2、本網(wǎng)部分內(nèi)容來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò),如有內(nèi)容、版權(quán)等問(wèn)題請(qǐng)與本網(wǎng)聯(lián)系,我們將會(huì)及時(shí)處理。聯(lián)系方式 :QQ(393848300)

3、如轉(zhuǎn)載湖南自考生網(wǎng)聲明為“原創(chuàng)”的內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)注明出處及網(wǎng)址鏈接,違者必究!

簡(jiǎn)單幾步,測(cè)測(cè)你多久畢業(yè)
市區(qū)導(dǎo)航: 長(zhǎng)沙市自考  |   株洲市自考  |   湘潭市自考  |   衡陽(yáng)市自考  |   邵陽(yáng)市自考  |   岳陽(yáng)市自考  |   常德市自考  |   張家界自考  |   益陽(yáng)市自考  |   郴州市自考  |   永州市自考  |   懷化市自考  |   婁底市自考  |   湘西州自考  |  

特別聲明:本站信息大部分來(lái)源于各高校,真實(shí)可靠!部分內(nèi)容來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng),僅供參考!所有信息以實(shí)際政策和官方公告為準(zhǔn)!

湖南求實(shí)創(chuàng)新教育科技有限公司 版權(quán)所有 湘ICP備18023047號(hào)-2