2018下半年學(xué)士學(xué)位英語考試考前沖刺試題及答案（四）

以下是2018下半年學(xué)士學(xué)位英語考試考前沖刺試題及答案（四）由湖南省自考網(wǎng)收集、提供。自考學(xué)位考試對考生來說是很重要的環(huán)節(jié)，希望學(xué)位英語考試試題能夠幫助同學(xué)們更好地將書本上的知識(shí)與實(shí)際案例聯(lián)系起來，祝同學(xué)們能通過真題練習(xí)在考試時(shí)取得更好地成績!

一、詞匯和語法(1-20)

1.It is obvious that this new rule is applicable to everyone without _____.

A.exception

B.exclusion

C.modification

D.substitution

答案：A

[譯文] 很明顯，這條規(guī)定適用于任何人，沒有例外。

[解析] Without exception為固定搭配，表示“毫無例外，無一例外”。Exclusion表示“排除，排外”;modification的意思是“更改，修正”;substitution表示“替代”。

2.Last night he saw two dark _____ enter the building, and then there was the explosion.

A.features

B.figures

C.sketches

D.images

答案：B

[譯文] 昨天晚上他看見兩個(gè)黑影進(jìn)了大樓，然后就發(fā)生了爆炸。

[解析] Feature 表示“特征，特點(diǎn)”;sketch的意思是“素描，梗概，草圖”;image表示“形象”;而figure表示“外形，輪廓，體型”，符合上下文。

3.Faced with rapid inflation and _____ international and home markets, many firms have declared bankrupt.

A. lessening

B. shortening

C. shrinking

D. withdrawing

答案：C.?？疾榻x動(dòng)詞的語義辨析。各選項(xiàng)的意思及用法分別是：選項(xiàng)A.lessening減少，減輕，側(cè)重指程度、重要性等的減輕。如：The defeat lessened our chances of winning the championship.此次失敗使我們奪冠的希望變得更加渺茫。lessen the burden of減輕負(fù)擔(dān);選項(xiàng)B.shortening縮短，變短，如The days are beginning to shorten.天開始變短了。shorten the gap between縮小……之間的差距;選項(xiàng)C.shrinking使收縮，縮小，減少，側(cè)重指尺寸、大小等的變小。如：The number of students attending the lecture has shrunk.聽講座的學(xué)生人數(shù)減少了。Will this soap shrink woolen clothes?這種肥皂會(huì)使羊毛衣服縮水嗎?選項(xiàng)D. withdrawing收回，撤退，撤銷，如：After awhile, he withdrew his proposal.過了一會(huì)兒，他撤回了他的提議。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項(xiàng)C.應(yīng)為正確答案。全句意思是“面對通貨膨脹和日益縮小的國際國內(nèi)市場，許多公司都已宜布破產(chǎn)”。

4.We'd better eliminate junk foods from our kitchen and keep a variety of high-quality foods _____ at all times.

A. available

B. desirable

C. enormous

D. numerous

答案：A.。考查形容詞語義環(huán)境。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A.available現(xiàn)成可使用的，在手邊的，可利用的;選項(xiàng)B.desirable稱心如意的，值得有的，如I envy Jane because her job is so desirable.我很羨慕簡，因?yàn)樗幸环莺芊Q心的工作。選項(xiàng)C.enormous巨大的，極大的，龐大的;選項(xiàng)D.numerous許多的，很多的，如：This is a conclusion he has drawn from numerous facts.這是他從很多事實(shí)當(dāng)中得出的結(jié)論。根據(jù)題干可判斷出選項(xiàng)A.應(yīng)為正確答案。全句的意思為“我們應(yīng)清除廚房里的垃圾食品，而使各種高質(zhì)量的食物隨手可及”。

5.The purpose of your resume is to _____ enough interest in you to have an employer contact you for an interview.

A. assemble

B. generate

C. yield

D. gather

答案：B.?？疾閯?dòng)詞的語義辨析。各選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A.assemble意為“集合，聚集，召集;裝配”，如：The whole school assembled in the main hall.全校學(xué)生在大禮堂集合。Before you assemble the model plane, read the instructions.在你組裝模型飛機(jī)前，先讀說明書。選項(xiàng)B.generate意為“生成，產(chǎn)生(光、熱、電等.;引起(興趣等.”，如：News of the Queen's visit is generating a lot of excitement.女皇來訪的消息使大家感到非常興奮。選項(xiàng)C.yield意為“生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)生(利潤、回報(bào)等.;投降，屈服”，如：His business yields big profits.他的生意利潤豐厚。選項(xiàng)D.gather意為“聚集，集合;收集，采集”，如：Many people gathered in the town square.很多人聚集在市政廣場。該題需注意選項(xiàng)B.和選項(xiàng)C.在搭配上的區(qū)別。根據(jù)題意，選項(xiàng)B.應(yīng)為正確答案。全句意思為是“簡歷就是要充分引起雇主對你的興趣，并達(dá)到進(jìn)一步聯(lián)系面試的目的”。

6.Some concepts may be difficult to grasp chiefly because they may be unfamiliar or _____ ideas, opinions which we already hold.

A. in accordance with

B. in conflict with

C. in favor of

D. in response to

答案：B.?？疾榻樵~短語的語義。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A.in accordance with依照，根據(jù);選項(xiàng)B.in conflict with與……相沖突;選項(xiàng)C.in favor of支持，贊同;選項(xiàng)D.in response to作為對……的反應(yīng)。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項(xiàng)B.為正確答案。全句的意思為“一些觀念很難讓人領(lǐng)會(huì)主要是因?yàn)槲覀儗ζ洳皇煜せ蛘呤且驗(yàn)榕c我們原有的觀點(diǎn)相矛盾”。

7.The city government has determined to get _____ with people who try to escape paying taxes.

A. rough

B. tough

C. rigid

D. bold

答案：B.?？疾樾稳菰~語義及搭配。能與介詞with搭配的只有選項(xiàng)B.tough，get tough with/on sb.意為“對……采取堅(jiān)決態(tài)度;對……采用強(qiáng)硬手段”。其余選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A.rough意為“粗糙的;粗野的，粗暴的;粗略的，大致的”;選項(xiàng)C.rigid(行為觀點(diǎn)等.嚴(yán)格的，死板的，不易改變的;選項(xiàng)D.bold意為“勇敢的，無畏的;冒失的，魯莽的”。全句的意思是“政府部門決心采取強(qiáng)硬手段來懲治偷稅人員”。

8.Human beings are superior to animals _____ they can use language as a tool to communicate.

A. for which

B. in which

C. in that

D. for that

答案：C

詳解：答案為C。in that表示“因?yàn)?，既?rdquo;.

9.Do you know the name of that _____ insect?

A. funny, little, red, mosquito-like

B. little, funny, mosquito-like, red

C. red, little, funny, mosquito-like

D. mosquito-like, red, little, funny

答案：A

詳解：答案為A。本題考核修飾語的排列順序：限定詞—數(shù)詞—一般描繪性形容詞—表示大小、形狀的形容詞—表示年齡、新舊的形容詞—表示色彩的形容詞—表示國籍、地區(qū)、出處的形容詞—表示物質(zhì)、材料的形容詞—表示用途、類別的形容詞—被修飾名詞。了解個(gè)大概順序，如果記不得，只有讀幾遍憑語感來選擇。

10.The time has come _____ we make extensive use of nuclear energy.

A. When

B. while

C. as

D. since

答案：A

詳解：答案為A。when引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾time，有時(shí)為了使句子平衡，也就是使主語不必過長，而把定語從句或同位語從句后置于謂語之后。如：The news came that our team won the match.

11.Professor Black and professor Smith will _____ in giving the class lectures.

A. alter

B. change

C. alternate

D. differ

BestAnswer:C

詳解：答案為C。alternate指“交替”;alter指“改變”。

12.We drive our car fast and soon _____ other cars on the road.

A. oversee

B. overtake

C. overrun

D. override

答案：B

詳解：

【譯文】我們開得很快，一會(huì)兒就超越了公路上的其他汽車。

【注釋】overtake“追上，趕上，超過”。oversee“俯瞰;監(jiān)督，監(jiān)視”。overrun“溢出;(侵略軍.橫行于”。override“奔越過，踐踏過;制服，壓倒”。

13.Are there any other factors that might affect the development of a child ______ education and innate inability?

A. apart from

B. away from

C. far from

D. but for

答案：A

詳解：應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

apart from除……之外，away from遠(yuǎn)離，far from 遠(yuǎn)非，but for要不是。

14.I would never have encouraged you to go into this field _____ it would be so hard for you.

A. had I known

B. and I had known

C. should I know

D. but I knew

答案：A

詳解：應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

此句為虛擬語氣，如果條件從句中包含有一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞，可把if省略，這時(shí)助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)放在主語前面。

句意為：要是我知道這件事情對你如此之難，我就不會(huì)鼓勵(lì)你進(jìn)入這個(gè)領(lǐng)域。

15.Reading is to the mind _____ food is to the body.

A. what

B. that

C. similar

D. which

答案：A

詳解：應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

what是關(guān)系代詞，A is to B what C is to D，A對于B之間的關(guān)系猶如C對于D。

句意為：讀書對于大腦來說就像食物對于身體一樣。

16.Jane's _____ for gardening is evident by all of these beautiful flowers.

A. acquaintance

B. familiarity

C. achievement

D. enthusiasm

答案：D

詳解：應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。

enthusiasm熱衷，狂熱，acquaintance相識(shí)，familiarity熟悉，achievement成就，功績。

句意為：從這些漂亮的花可以明顯看出簡對園藝的熱衷。

17.In the 1850's Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin" became the best seller of the generation, _____ a host of imitators.

A. inspiring

B. inspired

C. inspired by

D. to inspire

答案：A

詳解：應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。分詞短語做狀語。句意為：19世紀(jì)50年代，斯托的《湯姆叔叔的小屋》成為30年來的暢銷書，因而激起了一大群偽造者。

18.They have made a _____ plan to build a suspension bridge over the river.

A. bald

B. bound

C. bold

D. bare

答案：C

詳解：應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。

bold大膽的，bald光禿的，bound被束縛了的，bare赤裸的;無遮蓋的。

句意為：他們已做出了一個(gè)大膽的計(jì)劃要在這條河上建一所吊橋。

19.Her humorous remarks seemed _____, but were in fact carefully prepared beforehand.

A. precise

B. blank

C. spontaneous

D. bold

答案：C

詳解：應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。

spontaneous自發(fā)的;自然產(chǎn)生的，precise精確的;準(zhǔn)確的，blank空白的;空著的，bold大膽的。

句意為：她的幽默的評論看起來好像很自然，但是實(shí)際上是事先認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備好的。

20.Are there any other factors that might affect the development of a child _____ education and innate inability?

A. apart from

B. away from

C. far from

D. but for

答案：A

詳解：應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

apart from 除……之外，away from 遠(yuǎn)離，far from 遠(yuǎn)非，but for 要不是。

句意為：除了教育和先天的不足，還有什么其他因素會(huì)影響一個(gè)孩子的發(fā)展?