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2018下半年學(xué)士學(xué)位英語考試考前沖刺試題及答案(四)

2018-11-08 10:55:01
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以下是2018下半年學(xué)士學(xué)位英語考試考前沖刺試題及答案(四)湖南省自考網(wǎng)收集、提供。自考學(xué)位考試對考生來說是很重要的環(huán)節(jié),希望學(xué)位英語考試試題能夠幫助同學(xué)們更好地將書本上的知識(shí)與實(shí)際案例聯(lián)系起來,同學(xué)們能通過真題練習(xí)在考試時(shí)取得更好地成績!

 

一、詞匯和語法(1-20)

 

1.It is obvious that this new rule is applicable to everyone without _____.

 

A.exception

 

B.exclusion

 

C.modification

 

D.substitution

 

答案:A

 

[譯文] 很明顯,這條規(guī)定適用于任何人,沒有例外。

 

[解析] Without exception為固定搭配,表示“毫無例外,無一例外”。Exclusion表示“排除,排外”;modification的意思是“更改,修正”;substitution表示“替代”。

 

2.Last night he saw two dark _____ enter the building, and then there was the explosion.

 

A.features

 

B.figures

 

C.sketches

 

D.images

 

答案:B

 

[譯文] 昨天晚上他看見兩個(gè)黑影進(jìn)了大樓,然后就發(fā)生了爆炸。

 

[解析] Feature 表示“特征,特點(diǎn)”;sketch的意思是“素描,梗概,草圖”;image表示“形象”;而figure表示“外形,輪廓,體型”,符合上下文。

 

3.Faced with rapid inflation and _____ international and home markets, many firms have declared bankrupt.

 

A. lessening

 

B. shortening

 

C. shrinking

 

D. withdrawing

 

答案:C.??疾榻x動(dòng)詞的語義辨析。各選項(xiàng)的意思及用法分別是:選項(xiàng)A.lessening減少,減輕,側(cè)重指程度、重要性等的減輕。如:The defeat lessened our chances of winning the championship.此次失敗使我們奪冠的希望變得更加渺茫。lessen the burden of減輕負(fù)擔(dān);選項(xiàng)B.shortening縮短,變短,如The days are beginning to shorten.天開始變短了。shorten the gap between縮小……之間的差距;選項(xiàng)C.shrinking使收縮,縮小,減少,側(cè)重指尺寸、大小等的變小。如:The number of students attending the lecture has shrunk.聽講座的學(xué)生人數(shù)減少了。Will this soap shrink woolen clothes?這種肥皂會(huì)使羊毛衣服縮水嗎?選項(xiàng)D. withdrawing收回,撤退,撤銷,如:After awhile, he withdrew his proposal.過了一會(huì)兒,他撤回了他的提議。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項(xiàng)C.應(yīng)為正確答案。全句意思是“面對通貨膨脹和日益縮小的國際國內(nèi)市場,許多公司都已宜布破產(chǎn)”。

 

4.We'd better eliminate junk foods from our kitchen and keep a variety of high-quality foods _____ at all times.

 

A. available

 

B. desirable

 

C. enormous

 

D. numerous

 

答案:A.。考查形容詞語義環(huán)境。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是:選項(xiàng)A.available現(xiàn)成可使用的,在手邊的,可利用的;選項(xiàng)B.desirable稱心如意的,值得有的,如I envy Jane because her job is so desirable.我很羨慕簡,因?yàn)樗幸环莺芊Q心的工作。選項(xiàng)C.enormous巨大的,極大的,龐大的;選項(xiàng)D.numerous許多的,很多的,如:This is a conclusion he has drawn from numerous facts.這是他從很多事實(shí)當(dāng)中得出的結(jié)論。根據(jù)題干可判斷出選項(xiàng)A.應(yīng)為正確答案。全句的意思為“我們應(yīng)清除廚房里的垃圾食品,而使各種高質(zhì)量的食物隨手可及”。

 

5.The purpose of your resume is to _____ enough interest in you to have an employer contact you for an interview.

 

A. assemble

 

B. generate

 

C. yield

 

D. gather

 

答案:B.??疾閯?dòng)詞的語義辨析。各選項(xiàng)的意思分別是:選項(xiàng)A.assemble意為“集合,聚集,召集;裝配”,如:The whole school assembled in the main hall.全校學(xué)生在大禮堂集合。Before you assemble the model plane, read the instructions.在你組裝模型飛機(jī)前,先讀說明書。選項(xiàng)B.generate意為“生成,產(chǎn)生(光、熱、電等.;引起(興趣等.”,如:News of the Queen's visit is generating a lot of excitement.女皇來訪的消息使大家感到非常興奮。選項(xiàng)C.yield意為“生產(chǎn),產(chǎn)生(利潤、回報(bào)等.;投降,屈服”,如:His business yields big profits.他的生意利潤豐厚。選項(xiàng)D.gather意為“聚集,集合;收集,采集”,如:Many people gathered in the town square.很多人聚集在市政廣場。該題需注意選項(xiàng)B.和選項(xiàng)C.在搭配上的區(qū)別。根據(jù)題意,選項(xiàng)B.應(yīng)為正確答案。全句意思為是“簡歷就是要充分引起雇主對你的興趣,并達(dá)到進(jìn)一步聯(lián)系面試的目的”。

 

6.Some concepts may be difficult to grasp chiefly because they may be unfamiliar or _____ ideas, opinions which we already hold.

 

A. in accordance with

 

B. in conflict with

 

C. in favor of

 

D. in response to

 

答案:B.??疾榻樵~短語的語義。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是:選項(xiàng)A.in accordance with依照,根據(jù);選項(xiàng)B.in conflict with與……相沖突;選項(xiàng)C.in favor of支持,贊同;選項(xiàng)D.in response to作為對……的反應(yīng)。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項(xiàng)B.為正確答案。全句的意思為“一些觀念很難讓人領(lǐng)會(huì)主要是因?yàn)槲覀儗ζ洳皇煜せ蛘呤且驗(yàn)榕c我們原有的觀點(diǎn)相矛盾”。

 

7.The city government has determined to get _____ with people who try to escape paying taxes.

 

A. rough

 

B. tough

 

C. rigid

 

D. bold

 

答案:B.??疾樾稳菰~語義及搭配。能與介詞with搭配的只有選項(xiàng)B.tough,get tough with/on sb.意為“對……采取堅(jiān)決態(tài)度;對……采用強(qiáng)硬手段”。其余選項(xiàng)的意思分別是:選項(xiàng)A.rough意為“粗糙的;粗野的,粗暴的;粗略的,大致的”;選項(xiàng)C.rigid(行為觀點(diǎn)等.嚴(yán)格的,死板的,不易改變的;選項(xiàng)D.bold意為“勇敢的,無畏的;冒失的,魯莽的”。全句的意思是“政府部門決心采取強(qiáng)硬手段來懲治偷稅人員”。

 

8.Human beings are superior to animals _____ they can use language as a tool to communicate.

 

A. for which

 

B. in which

 

C. in that

 

D. for that

 

答案:C

 

詳解:答案為C。in that表示“因?yàn)?,既?rdquo;.

 

9.Do you know the name of that _____ insect?

 

A. funny, little, red, mosquito-like

 

B. little, funny, mosquito-like, red

 

C. red, little, funny, mosquito-like

 

D. mosquito-like, red, little, funny

 

答案:A

 

詳解:答案為A。本題考核修飾語的排列順序:限定詞—數(shù)詞—一般描繪性形容詞—表示大小、形狀的形容詞—表示年齡、新舊的形容詞—表示色彩的形容詞—表示國籍、地區(qū)、出處的形容詞—表示物質(zhì)、材料的形容詞—表示用途、類別的形容詞—被修飾名詞。了解個(gè)大概順序,如果記不得,只有讀幾遍憑語感來選擇。

 

10.The time has come _____ we make extensive use of nuclear energy.

 

A. When

 

B. while

 

C. as

 

D. since

 

答案:A

 

詳解:答案為A。when引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾time,有時(shí)為了使句子平衡,也就是使主語不必過長,而把定語從句或同位語從句后置于謂語之后。如:The news came that our team won the match.

11.Professor Black and professor Smith will _____ in giving the class lectures.

 

A. alter

 

B. change

 

C. alternate

 

D. differ

 

BestAnswer:C

 

詳解:答案為C。alternate指“交替”;alter指“改變”。

 

12.We drive our car fast and soon _____ other cars on the road.

 

A. oversee

 

B. overtake

 

C. overrun

 

D. override

 

答案:B

 

詳解:

 

【譯文】我們開得很快,一會(huì)兒就超越了公路上的其他汽車。

 

【注釋】overtake“追上,趕上,超過”。oversee“俯瞰;監(jiān)督,監(jiān)視”。overrun“溢出;(侵略軍.橫行于”。override“奔越過,踐踏過;制服,壓倒”。

 

13.Are there any other factors that might affect the development of a child ______ education and innate inability?

 

A. apart from

 

B. away from

 

C. far from

 

D. but for

 

答案:A

 

詳解:應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

 

apart from除……之外,away from遠(yuǎn)離,far from 遠(yuǎn)非,but for要不是。

 

14.I would never have encouraged you to go into this field _____ it would be so hard for you.

 

A. had I known

 

B. and I had known

 

C. should I know

 

D. but I knew

 

答案:A

 

詳解:應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

 

此句為虛擬語氣,如果條件從句中包含有一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞,可把if省略,這時(shí)助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)放在主語前面。

 

句意為:要是我知道這件事情對你如此之難,我就不會(huì)鼓勵(lì)你進(jìn)入這個(gè)領(lǐng)域。

 

15.Reading is to the mind _____ food is to the body.

 

A. what

 

B. that

 

C. similar

 

D. which

 

答案:A

 

詳解:應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

 

what是關(guān)系代詞,A is to B what C is to D,A對于B之間的關(guān)系猶如C對于D。

 

句意為:讀書對于大腦來說就像食物對于身體一樣。

 

16.Jane's _____ for gardening is evident by all of these beautiful flowers.

 

A. acquaintance

 

B. familiarity

 

C. achievement

 

D. enthusiasm

 

答案:D

 

詳解:應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。

 

enthusiasm熱衷,狂熱,acquaintance相識(shí),familiarity熟悉,achievement成就,功績。

 

句意為:從這些漂亮的花可以明顯看出簡對園藝的熱衷。

 

17.In the 1850's Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin" became the best seller of the generation, _____ a host of imitators.

 

A. inspiring

 

B. inspired

 

C. inspired by

 

D. to inspire

 

答案:A

 

詳解:應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。分詞短語做狀語。句意為:19世紀(jì)50年代,斯托的《湯姆叔叔的小屋》成為30年來的暢銷書,因而激起了一大群偽造者。

 

18.They have made a _____ plan to build a suspension bridge over the river.

 

A. bald

 

B. bound

 

C. bold

 

D. bare

 

答案:C

 

詳解:應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。

 

bold大膽的,bald光禿的,bound被束縛了的,bare赤裸的;無遮蓋的。

 

句意為:他們已做出了一個(gè)大膽的計(jì)劃要在這條河上建一所吊橋。

 

19.Her humorous remarks seemed _____, but were in fact carefully prepared beforehand.

 

A. precise

 

B. blank

 

C. spontaneous

 

D. bold

 

答案:C

 

詳解:應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。

 

spontaneous自發(fā)的;自然產(chǎn)生的,precise精確的;準(zhǔn)確的,blank空白的;空著的,bold大膽的。

 

句意為:她的幽默的評論看起來好像很自然,但是實(shí)際上是事先認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備好的。

 

20.Are there any other factors that might affect the development of a child _____ education and innate inability?

 

A. apart from

 

B. away from

 

C. far from

 

D. but for

 

答案:A

 

詳解:應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

 

apart from 除……之外,away from 遠(yuǎn)離,far from 遠(yuǎn)非,but for 要不是。

 

句意為:除了教育和先天的不足,還有什么其他因素會(huì)影響一個(gè)孩子的發(fā)展?

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